Radiator



Nov, 12, 1929. 'r. A. BALDWIN RADIATOR Filed March 8, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVE TOR E0/77Q5/i 0/050? BY mazAMx/m LLL ATTORNEY Nov. 12, 1929. BALDWIN 1,734,956

RADIATOR Filed March 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Q 5. E 3 3 O I L E 5 g E 3 E B E 3 5 T 3 E 3 /0 Z E 5 6 E 3 E 3 v E 3 E 3 E 3 .1 O

. INVENTOR 7 W S 4QIZa/Q b I ATTORNEY Nov. 12, 1929. T. A. BALDWIN- 1,734,956

Q RADIATOR Filer; March 8, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 x4 42 g a 770/774: jy zw rz mam ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 12, 1929 THOMAS A. BALDWIN, OF OYSTER BAY, NEW YORK RADIATOR Application m March a, 1927. Serial no.'17a,s5o.

This invention relates to a new or improved radiator for use as an element in heatlng systems for private residences or other buildmgs.

The one object of the present invention is to provide a radiator of an entirely novel structure compared to those in use in heating systems today.

A further object is to provide a radiator which will'have a much larger heating surface than the present day radiator but, atthe same time, will be much smaller than the latter and consequently more etficient and less costly to run.

A still further objeet'of the present invention is to provide'a radiator which will be of much lighter material than those at present in use, less costly to manufacture and which, owing to its small size, can be :compactly arranged, for example, in a recess in the wall of the room or other chamber which it is to heat and thus avoid the usual unsatisfactory, inconvenient and unsightly use of floor space.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description of the inven-.

tion about to be made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate certain embodiments thereof.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partly sectional end view of the radiator shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a'horizontal section thereof.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional View of'a. detail of construction.

Fig. 5 is a side view, partly in section, of the said radiator.

Fig. 6 is an end view, partly in section, of a further embodiment of the invention, and,

Fig. 7 is a front view of part of the radiator shown in Fig. 6.

Referring more particularly to Figures l to 5 inclusive of the drawings, the embodiment of the invention there illustrated cornprises a practically rectangular structure built up of side plates 1 and 2 and end plates 3 and 4 to which are secured, as by bolts 6, end members or covers 8 and 10 respectively which are cut a-pluralit which form end chambers 9 and 11 (see Fig. 3)

The side plates 1 and2 are adapted to be properly spaced and'positioned with relation to one another by transversely extending tie rods 12.

Disposed between and extending longitudinally-parallel between said side plates 1 and 2 are a plurality of spaced-apart conduits 14 through which a heat-imparting medium,

such as steam, supplied to the radiator can flow. in a horizontal direction.

Each of said conduits 14 is .preferably formed by taking a thin sheet of say brass or copper the length of the desired conduit and folding it about the center line so as to bring one edge to Within or ofthe other edge; the edges are then folded down upon each other to make a locked joint. A form is next inserted into the conduit and the latter with the form inside is passed through rollers to flatten out the top and bottom folds of the conduit, thus giving a rectangular structure with open ends. The fold just above described is then soldered to make a steam-tightjoint.

The conduits 14 are properly spaced by means of spacing members 16 which are arranged at intervals transversely of the radiator, that is to say, parallel to the tie rods 12, each of said members preferably comprising a flat rectangular or square plate (according to the cross-section of the radiator) through of vertically disposed slots (see Flg. 1) within which the conduits 14 fit.

The end plates 3 and 4 are also provided with a plurality of slots corresponding to those in the spacing members 16 (see Fig. 2). The slots in the end plates are, however, formed by cutting and pressing out the metal of the plates at a right angle thereto as shown at 20 in Fig. 4. After the conduits 14 have been placed in positionin the slots in the end plates their respective ends can therefore be turned over and back about the turnedout ends of such end plates as shown at 22 in Fig. 4, the co-operation of said two parts thus forming a locking joint between the plates and the conduits, which joint can be further consolidated, if considered necessary or desirable, by extraneous means, such as soldering.

As will be understood steam or other heatimparting medium may be admitted to one end of the radiator, as through a supply pipe 24 cont-rolled by a valve 26, then pass through the radiator to be exhausted at the opposite end as through the exhaust pipe 28; being caused to flow back and forth in the radiator before being exhausted which can be accomplished, for example, by providing the end covers, with suitably disposed partitions 80 as shown in Fig. 3. It is to be observed, however, that the conduits are so disposed that the heat-imparting medium will flow horizontally theret-hrough, whilst the air to be heated will be drawn in at the bottom of the radiator and flow vertically in the spaces 82 provided between said conduits, on its way rising in temperature due to the absorption of heat from the large exposed area of such conduits,.finally issuing from said spaces at the top of the radiator.

Figs. 6 and 7 show a further embodimentof the present invention in which the steam conduits 14 instead of running vertically in the radiator as in the embodiment above described, are disposed at an angle to the horizontal, that is to say, they slope from the back ll) of the radiator to the front 42 thereof, the radiator casin being also of dilierent shape to accommodate such disposition and the tie rods 12 and spacing members 16 running in this case from the top to the bottom of the casing.

The increased efficiency of the present radiator will apparent when it is stated that from actual experience it has been found that one 7' inches square and 2 feet long has been found to maintain a temperature of from to Fahrenheit in a room of average size even in the coldest weather.

Such increasedefficiency is brought about by the fact that the present radiator is so constructed as to provide definitely defined passages for the heat-imparting medium and definitely defined passages for the air to be heated, the area of such two kinds of passages being equal or sul stantially so. Furthermore, the conduits for the heat-imparting medium being constructed of thin sheet metal which is shaped to provide a rectangular conduit narrow in width but long in height has the effect (a) of readily permitting the desired heat transfer to the air flowing up through the juxtaposed air passages 32 and (blot causing the heat-imparting medium to flow in a narrow column through the conduits so that all or practically all of said medium flows in contact with the walls of said conduit. Thus its heat-imparting properties are made use of to the fullest extent.

The air passages 32 are also narrow in width so that all, or practically all, of the What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A radiator for use in a heating system comprising a casing, a plurality of horizontal conduits of substantial depth, means for directing the heat imparting medium back and forth in a horizontal direction through said conduits, spacing means interposed between adjacent conduits at intervals in thelength thereof, and means for directing the air to be heated between the said conduits in a direction normal to the direction'of flow of said medium.

2. A radiator for use in a heating system comprising a casing, a plurality of longitudinally seamed horizontal conduits having vertical side walls of substantial height, means for directing the heat imparting medium back and forth in a horizontal direction through said conduits, and means for directing the air to be heated between the said conduits in a direction'normal to the direction of flow of said medium.

3. A radiator for use in a heating system 5.

comprising a casing, a plurality of horizontal conduits of substantial depth, means for directing the heat imparting medium in a horizontal direction through certain of the conduits and for reversing the direction of the flow of the medium, means arranged at intervals in the length of the conduits for maintaining uniform spaces between adjacent conduits, and means whereby the air to be heated is directed vertically between the said conduits.

e. A radiator for use in a heating system com rising a plurality of groups of narrow longitudinally seamed horizontal conduits of substantial depth, end chambers for directing the heat imparting medium from the ends of at least one of said groups to the ends of an adjacent group, an inlet port for the said medium in one of the end chambers, an outlet port for the medium in one of the said chambers, means for uniformly spacing the conduits between their ends, and means for enclosing the said conduits and for directing the air to be heated between the conduits of the said groups in a direction at right angles to thedirection of the flow of the said medium in the conduits.

5. A radiator for use in a heatin system comprising a plurality of groups 0 narrow horizontal conduits of substantial depth means uniformly spaced throughout the length of the conduit for maintaming uniform spaces therebetween, end chambers for directing the heat imparting medium from the ends of at least one of said groups to the ends of an adjacent group, inlet and outlet ports for said medium in said end chambers, and a casing comprising vertical back and front walls adjacent tothe 'said conduits to direct the air to be heated between the said conduits in a direction at right angles to the direction of the flow of the said medium through the conduits.

6.--A radiator for use in a heatin system comprising a plurality of groups 0 narrow horizontal conduits of substantial depth, end chambers for directing the heat imparting medium from the ends of at least one of said groups to the ends of an adjacent group, an inlet port for the said medium in one of the end chambers, an outlet port for the medium in one of the said chambers, spacing means in the form of slotted vertical plates interposed between the conduits, and means for enclosing the said conduits and for directing the air to be heated between the conduits of recting the heat imparting medium in opposite directions through said horizontal conduits, and means for directing the air to be heated vertically between said hollow Walls. In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

' THOMAS A. BALDWIN.

the said groups in a direction at right angles to the direction of the flow of the said medium in the conduits.

ly vertical direction between said horizontal conduits.

8. A radiator for use in a heating system comprising end plates with vertical slots therein, horizontal conduits of substantial depth extending between the slots in said end plates, vertical side plates enclosing said'conduits, tie rods connecting-the said side plates, end casings secured on the outer faces of said end plates, means for the supply and exhaust of the heat imparting medium to and from said casings, at least one partition wall for sub-dividing a casing and directing the flow of said medium in opposite directions through said conduits, and means for directing the air to be heated in a substantially vertical direction between said horizontal conduits.

9. A radiator for use in a heating system comprising end plates with vertical slots therein, conduits of horizontally seamed sheet metal extending between the ,said slots to form a series of hollow vertical walls and a series of horizontal conduits, means for di- 

